Обсуждение: FAQ: Current state of replication ?
Been reading http://www.postgresql.org/docs/pgsql/doc/TODO.detail/replication with interest as we are now approaching a real requirement for it on a project we have finally resurrected for a bit of a dormant state. What is the current state-of-the-art WRT replication of any sort ? If anyone has homebrew solutions that they can share, we would welcome tyring too. Our requirements, which seem sort of reasonable, are: 1. One "writer", many "reader" PostgreSQL servers. We will want to write provisioning / configuration information centrally and can tolerate a "writer" failuer for a time. 2. Consitency at the transaction level. All changes to the "writer" server will be wrapped in transactions, and there will be foreign key consistency checking in many tables. 3. Delays from "writer" through to consistent state on "readers" can be tolerated to within a few minutes or even more. All read-servers must be in the same state when answering requests. Our objective is to acheive performance and some fault tolerance as the data is going to be used for near-real time configuration of various other backend systems in an almost traditional 'net environment. As we are coding various other stuff for this project over the next few months, any help we can be in developing for this part of PostgreSQL, just let me know. While knowing very little about PostgreSQL internals, we learn quick. rgds, -- Peter Galbavy Knowledge Matters Ltd. http://www.knowledge.com/
> What is the current state-of-the-art WRT replication of any sort ? If anyone
> has homebrew solutions that they can share, we would welcome tyring too.
There is some code in contrib/rserv for 7.1 which does table
replication. It has some restrictions, but does implement the basic
concept. I think a tarball to do the same for 7.0 and earlier is
available at www.pgsql.com (just Makefile differences).
We are currently working through the issues involved with multi-slave
replication and the ramifications for failover to (one of) the slaves.
It looks like the rserv code may assume too much independence between
slaves and replication sync information, and failover may be
not-quite-right in those cases.
Will be posting to the list when we know the answer (though
contributions and inputs are of course always welcome!). afaict changes
in rserv schema, if necessary, will not be available for 7.1, but we'll
be posting patches and updating the CVS tree.
btw, it looks like TODO.detail/replication predates the replication
implementation, and has no real relationship with the implementation.
There is some thought that WAL/BAR features can help support replication
at a different level than is done now, but that is work for the future
afaik.
- Thomas
I found interesting paper http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/330257.html "Don't be lazy, be consistent: Postgres-R, A new way to implement Database Replication" Abstract: Database designers often point out that eager, update everywhere replication suffers from high deadlock rates, message overhead and poor response times. In this paper, we show that these limitations can be circumvented by using a combination of known and novel techniques. Moreover, we show how the proposed solution can be incorporated into a real database system. The paper discusses the new protocols and their implementation in PostgreSQL. It also provides experimental results proving that many of thedangers and limitations of replication can be avoided by using the appropriate techniques. 1 Introduction Existing replication protocols can be dividedinto eager and lazy Regards, Oleg On Tue, 20 Mar 2001, Thomas Lockhart wrote: > > What is the current state-of-the-art WRT replication of any sort ? If anyone > > has homebrew solutions that they can share, we would welcome tyring too. > > There is some code in contrib/rserv for 7.1 which does table > replication. It has some restrictions, but does implement the basic > concept. I think a tarball to do the same for 7.0 and earlier is > available at www.pgsql.com (just Makefile differences). > > We are currently working through the issues involved with multi-slave > replication and the ramifications for failover to (one of) the slaves. > It looks like the rserv code may assume too much independence between > slaves and replication sync information, and failover may be > not-quite-right in those cases. > > Will be posting to the list when we know the answer (though > contributions and inputs are of course always welcome!). afaict changes > in rserv schema, if necessary, will not be available for 7.1, but we'll > be posting patches and updating the CVS tree. > > btw, it looks like TODO.detail/replication predates the replication > implementation, and has no real relationship with the implementation. > There is some thought that WAL/BAR features can help support replication > at a different level than is done now, but that is work for the future > afaik. > > - Thomas > > ---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- > TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to majordomo@postgresql.org > Regards, Oleg _____________________________________________________________ Oleg Bartunov, sci.researcher, hostmaster of AstroNet, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University (Russia) Internet: oleg@sai.msu.su, http://www.sai.msu.su/~megera/ phone: +007(095)939-16-83, +007(095)939-23-83
> 1. One "writer", many "reader" PostgreSQL servers. We will want to write > provisioning / configuration information centrally and can tolerate a > "writer" failuer for a time. > 2. Consitency at the transaction level. All changes to the "writer" server > will be wrapped in transactions, and there will be foreign key consistency > checking in many tables. > 3. Delays from "writer" through to consistent state on "readers" can be > tolerated to within a few minutes or even more. All read-servers must be in > the same state when answering requests. > > Our objective is to acheive performance and some fault tolerance as the data > is going to be used for near-real time configuration of various other > backend systems in an almost traditional 'net environment. > > As we are coding various other stuff for this project over the next few > months, any help we can be in developing for this part of PostgreSQL, just > let me know. While knowing very little about PostgreSQL internals, we learn > quick. Peter, I've been mostly a lurker here (at least on the hackers list) for a couple of years, but I thought I would "de-lurk" for long enough to reply to your question ;) Attached is the source for a replication solution I recently wrote for a project I'm working on. I think it meets your criteria. I was considering sending it to the list as a possible contrib after 7.1 was released (if anyone is interested, and the code is worthy), but since you asked, here it is. A few disclaimers are in order. First, I am *not* an experienced C programmer. The code works in the limited testing I've done so far but needs to be reviewed and scrubbed by someone with more experience. Second, I have not yet used this in production, so use at your own risk. Third, I have only tested it under Red Hat 6.2 and 7.0. Finally, it will only work with >= PostgreSQL 7.1 beta3. Basic installation instructions: copy pg_lnk.tgz to contrib under the PostgreSQL source tree tar -xzvf pg_lnk.tgz cd pg_lnk./install.sh I'll be happy to answer any questions to help you get it installed and working. I would appreciate any feedback, improvements, general guidance if you decide to use it. Thanks, Joe <lurking once again . . .>
Hello,
During repopulation of the database (using the results of the pg_dump
program), I spot two strange things:
- fields defined as TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP sometimes generate invalid format of the date, for instance:
2001-02-10 13:11:60.00+01 - which follows the records 2001-02-10 13:10:59.00+01
Which means, that the proper timestamp should look like: 2001-02-10 13:11:00.00+01
- I have a float4 field, which contains the value 3e-40 (approximately). I know it's there - the queries return it
withoutany problem. Problem occurs again when I try to repopulate the table. Having such a value in a line generated by
pg_dump(in form of COPY from stdin) I get the error:
Bad float4 input format -- underflow.
When I redefine the field as a float8 everything works fine. But why does it occur during repopulation - when in fact
sucha value did exist in the table before the table was drop.
I'am running Postgresql 7.0.2
thanks for help
Mark
On Mon, Mar 19, 2001 at 11:00:20AM -0000, Peter Galbavy wrote: > 1. One "writer", many "reader" PostgreSQL servers. We will want to write > provisioning / configuration information centrally and can tolerate a > "writer" failuer for a time. > 2. Consitency at the transaction level. All changes to the "writer" server > will be wrapped in transactions, and there will be foreign key consistency > checking in many tables. > 3. Delays from "writer" through to consistent state on "readers" can be > tolerated to within a few minutes or even more. All read-servers must be in > the same state when answering requests. > > Our objective is to acheive performance and some fault tolerance as the data > is going to be used for near-real time configuration of various other > backend systems in an almost traditional 'net environment. Your application sounds like a perfect fit for LDAP. In other words, keep your database in Postgres, but export views of it through for clients to query through LDAP. Rely on LDAP replication, since it has the model you need and works today. -- Christopher Masto Senior Network Monkey NetMonger Communications chris@netmonger.net info@netmonger.net http://www.netmonger.net Free yourself, free your machine, free the daemon -- http://www.freebsd.org/
> - fields defined as TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP sometimes generate
> invalid format of the date, for instance:
> 2001-02-10 13:11:60.00+01
You are running the Mandrake RPMs? Or have otherwise compiled using the
-ffast-math compiler flag?
- Thomas
Hi,
On Thu, 22 Mar 2001, Thomas Lockhart wrote:
> > - fields defined as TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP sometimes generate
> > invalid format of the date, for instance:
> > 2001-02-10 13:11:60.00+01
>
> You are running the Mandrake RPMs? Or have otherwise compiled using the
> -ffast-math compiler flag?
>
I'm on the Mandrake but I'm using the compiled (from the sources) version
of PostgreSQL. As a matter of fact I dont't remember, wheter or not I put
the -ffast-math flag. Is this the reason for the inaccuracy?
If so - is it responsible also for the 'underflow' error?
Mark