Обсуждение: Joining 1-minute data with 5-minute data

On Mon, 2020-01-27 at 16:35 +0000, Stephen Froehlich wrote:
> I have a couple of relatively large tables, each with 100-500 million lines (at least in each monthly partition). 
> 
> One has data every 1 minute, and the other has data every 5 minutes, and I’d like to be able to
> join them (i.e. with each minute in the 5-minute span rounded down to the beginning of that 5-minute interval).
> 
> I’m currently running PostgreSQL 11. An upgrade to 12 (for calculated fields) is possible but annoying at the
moment.
> (i.e. I’ll do it if its worth it, but I’m otherwise planning on holding off until the Ubuntu 20.40LTS release for
thatupgrade process.)
 
> 
> What is the most efficient (i.e. performant) way to do that join?
> - Create an index for the 1-min table something like (trunc(time_stamp::int / 300) * 300)::timestamp with time zone
>   - Is there a more efficient way to round to 5 minutes?
> - Encode the time stamp for the 5-min table as a tstzrange and create a gist index on that column?
> - Manually add a 5-minute rounded column to the 1-minute table and index that?
> - Something I have missed entirely?

Depending on the number of rows required from each table, an index
may not be useful at all: with a hash join, indexes don't help.

You should make sure that the join condition looks like this:

 (expression with columns of the 1-minute table) =
 (expression with columns of the 5-minute table)

Otherwise, PostgreSQL can only use a nested loop join, which may
not be the best strategy.

Then experiment with indexes on the expressions in the join condition:
nested loop joins and merge joins can profit from them.

Yours,
Laurenz Albe
-- 
Cybertec | https://www.cybertec-postgresql.com

That's a solid plan ... thanks.

-----Original Message-----
From: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at> 
Sent: Tuesday, January 28, 2020 1:44 AM
To: Stephen Froehlich <s.froehlich@cablelabs.com>; pgsql-novice@lists.postgresql.org
Subject: Re: Joining 1-minute data with 5-minute data

On Mon, 2020-01-27 at 16:35 +0000, Stephen Froehlich wrote:
> I have a couple of relatively large tables, each with 100-500 million lines (at least in each monthly partition). 
> 
> One has data every 1 minute, and the other has data every 5 minutes, 
> and I’d like to be able to join them (i.e. with each minute in the 5-minute span rounded down to the beginning of
that5-minute interval).
 
> 
> I’m currently running PostgreSQL 11. An upgrade to 12 (for calculated fields) is possible but annoying at the
moment.
> (i.e. I’ll do it if its worth it, but I’m otherwise planning on 
> holding off until the Ubuntu 20.40LTS release for that upgrade 
> process.)
> 
> What is the most efficient (i.e. performant) way to do that join?
> - Create an index for the 1-min table something like (trunc(time_stamp::int / 300) * 300)::timestamp with time zone
>   - Is there a more efficient way to round to 5 minutes?
> - Encode the time stamp for the 5-min table as a tstzrange and create a gist index on that column?
> - Manually add a 5-minute rounded column to the 1-minute table and index that?
> - Something I have missed entirely?

Depending on the number of rows required from each table, an index may not be useful at all: with a hash join, indexes
don'thelp.
 

You should make sure that the join condition looks like this:

 (expression with columns of the 1-minute table) =  (expression with columns of the 5-minute table)

Otherwise, PostgreSQL can only use a nested loop join, which may not be the best strategy.

Then experiment with indexes on the expressions in the join condition:
nested loop joins and merge joins can profit from them.

Yours,
Laurenz Albe
--
Cybertec | https://www.cybertec-postgresql.com