Re: BUG #17277: write past chunk when calling normalize() on an empty string

On Tue, Nov 09, 2021 at 09:55:08PM +0000, PG Bug reporting form wrote:
> When calling normalize(''), that is, on an empty string, a warning is
> raised: "problem in alloc set ExprContext: detected write past chunk end".

Well, direct callers of unicode_normalize_kc() in ~12 would have the
same problem because this code was not written with this case in mind
as far as I recall, after looking at the git history (60f11b8) as
pg_saslprep() does not allow the case of empty passwords.

> I believe this is due to an error in unicode_norm.c. In unicode_normalize(),
> when recompose is true (that is, when using NFC or NFKC normalization) the
> loop on line 498 will iterate once before checking count < decomp_size. When
> the input is an empty string, this would cause a write outside of the memory
> allocated for recomp_chars.

No, the code does not take the recomposition loop in this case, but
the initialization of target_pos to 1 would cause recomp_chars to be
written past its allocation position by one byte.

As there could be callers of unicode_normalize[_kc]() outside core,
I'd rather fix that at the source and patch unicode_norm.c.  One way
to do that would be to leave once you know that there is nothing to
decompose after the loop over decompose_code() and return decomp_chars
that would be set with an empty set of points, as per the attached.

There may be a point in issuing an error if there is an empty string,
though.  Another thing would be to consider if is_normalized() should
return false for an empty string, but we have considered empty strings
as normalized since this has been released:
=# SELECT '' IS NFD NORMALIZED;
 is_normalized
---------------
  t
(1 row)

That feels more natural this way.  Still, I can see some perl modules
that would return false for such a case, by the way.  The
normalization docs don't seem to mention that directly, except for the
stream-safe text format:
https://www.unicode.org/faq/normalization.html
https://unicode.org/reports/tr15/tr15-51.html
--
Michael