Failover replication building a new master

I am using Postgres 10.4, and using replication, I have managed to set up four servers, with one running as a master
andthe other three running with streaming replication from the master. 

I have used the  command:
psql -c "ALTER SYSTEM SET synchronous_standby_names TO  'FIRST 1(S2,S3,S4)';" so that at least one of the three slave
clustersare SYNCED to the master. 

If I run the following command I get the following back:

SELECT pid, usename, application_name as name,state, client_addr, sent_lsn, write_lsn, flush_lsn, replay_lsn,
sync_priority,sync_state FROM pg_stat_replication; 

  pid  | usename | name  |   state   | sent_lsn  | write_lsn | flush_lsn | replay_lsn | sync_priority | sync_state

-------+---------+-------+-----------+-------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------
 26215 | replica | S3 | streaming | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000  |             2 | potential
 26200 | replica | S4 | streaming | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000  |             3 | potential
 26186 | replica | S2 | streaming |  0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000 | 0/6000000  |             1 | sync

When I take out my master server (S1) I setup S2 as the master using a bash script and I update the recovery.conf files
onthe other two servers to change the replication to run from S2.  
I have changed the setting for synchronouse_standby_names using:

psql -c "ALTER SYSTEM SET synchronous_standby_names TO  'FIRST 1(S1,S3,S4)';" hoping that one of the remaining two or
possiblythe old master will SYNC to the new master (S2). 

However when I check on S2 I get the following output from pg_stat_replication:

pid  | usename | name  |  state  | sent_lsn  | write_lsn | flush_lsn | replay_lsn | sync_priority | sync_state

------+---------+-------+---------+-------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------
 6418 | replica | S4 | startup | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098  |             3 | potential
 6417 | replica | S3 | startup | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098 | 0/D000098  |             2 | potential

If I also get the original master (S1) running and set it up as a Slave this also will not "SYNC". How can I get the
standbyservers to SYNC to the new Master (S2) without doing a new BaseBackup from S2 to the other servers? 

Thanks

Tom