pgsql: ecpg: Fix handling of strings in ORACLE compat code with SQLDA

ecpg: Fix handling of strings in ORACLE compat code with SQLDA

When compiled with -C ORACLE, ecpg_get_data() had a one-off issue where
it would incorrectly store the null terminator byte to str[-1] when
varcharsize is 0, which is something that can happen when using SQLDA.
This would eat 1 byte from the previous field stored, corrupting the
results generated.

All the callers of ecpg_get_data() estimate and allocate enough storage
for the data received, and the fix of this commit relies on this
assumption.  Note that this maps to the case where no padding or
truncation is required.

This issue has been introduced by 3b7ab43 with the Oracle compatibility
option, so backpatch down to v11.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230410.173500.440060475837236886.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 11

Branch
------
REL_11_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/9eb44bb043af924d9fe567145a3c6510d584399b

Modified Files
--------------
src/interfaces/ecpg/ecpglib/data.c                 |  19 +-
.../ecpg/test/compat_oracle/char_array.pgc         |  31 ++-
.../ecpg/test/expected/compat_oracle-char_array.c  | 216 +++++++++++++++------
.../test/expected/compat_oracle-char_array.stderr  | 166 +++++++++-------
.../test/expected/compat_oracle-char_array.stdout  |   5 +
5 files changed, 310 insertions(+), 127 deletions(-)