pgsql: Improve handling of NULLs in KNN-GiST and KNN-SP-GiST

Improve handling of NULLs in KNN-GiST and KNN-SP-GiST

This commit improves subject in two ways:

 * It removes ugliness of 02f90879e7, which stores distance values and null
   flags in two separate arrays after GISTSearchItem struct.  Instead we pack
   both distance value and null flag in IndexOrderByDistance struct.  Alignment
   overhead should be negligible, because we typically deal with at most few
   "col op const" expressions in ORDER BY clause.
 * It fixes handling of "col op NULL" expression in KNN-SP-GiST.  Now, these
   expression are not passed to support functions, which can't deal with them.
   Instead, NULL result is implicitly assumed.  It future we may decide to
   teach support functions to deal with NULL arguments, but current solution is
   bugfix suitable for backpatch.

Reported-by: Nikita Glukhov
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/826f57ee-afc7-8977-c44c-6111d18b02ec%40postgrespro.ru
Author: Nikita Glukhov
Reviewed-by: Alexander Korotkov
Backpatch-through: 9.4

Branch
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REL_12_STABLE

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/31cbd760578fc0aeb87db11422c32afaf5de129b

Modified Files
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src/backend/access/gist/gistget.c                 | 68 ++++++++-------------
src/backend/access/gist/gistscan.c                | 16 ++---
src/backend/access/index/indexam.c                | 22 +++----
src/backend/access/spgist/spgscan.c               | 74 +++++++++++++++++++----
src/include/access/genam.h                        | 10 ++-
src/include/access/gist_private.h                 | 27 ++-------
src/include/access/spgist_private.h               |  8 ++-
src/test/regress/expected/create_index_spgist.out | 10 +++
src/test/regress/sql/create_index_spgist.sql      |  5 ++
src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list                  |  1 +
10 files changed, 140 insertions(+), 101 deletions(-)