pgsql: Improve updatability checking for views and foreign tables.

Improve updatability checking for views and foreign tables.

Extend the FDW API (which we already changed for 9.3) so that an FDW can
report whether specific foreign tables are insertable/updatable/deletable.
The default assumption continues to be that they're updatable if the
relevant executor callback function is supplied by the FDW, but finer
granularity is now possible.  As a test case, add an "updatable" option to
contrib/postgres_fdw.

This patch also fixes the information_schema views, which previously did
not think that foreign tables were ever updatable, and fixes
view_is_auto_updatable() so that a view on a foreign table can be
auto-updatable.

initdb forced due to changes in information_schema views and the functions
they rely on.  This is a bit unfortunate to do post-beta1, but if we don't
change this now then we'll have another API break for FDWs when we do
change it.

Dean Rasheed, somewhat editorialized on by Tom Lane

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
http://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/dc3eb5638349e74a6628130a5101ce866455f4a3

Modified Files
--------------
contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out |    1 +
contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c                  |    8 +-
contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c            |   47 +++++++++++
contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql      |    1 +
doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml                   |   27 +++++++
doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml                 |   37 +++++++++
src/backend/catalog/information_schema.sql     |   15 +++-
src/backend/executor/execMain.c                |   18 +++++
src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c           |  102 ++++++++++++++++++------
src/backend/utils/adt/misc.c                   |   51 ++++++++----
src/include/catalog/catversion.h               |    2 +-
src/include/catalog/pg_proc.h                  |    8 +-
src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h                   |    3 +
src/include/rewrite/rewriteHandler.h           |    2 +-
src/include/utils/builtins.h                   |    4 +-
15 files changed, 272 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-)