Re: cost and actual time

Chantal Ackermann <chantal.ackermann@biomax.de> writes:
> the gene_id for 'igg' occurres 110637 times in gene_occurrences, it is
> the most frequent.

I think the problem here is that the planner doesn't know that (and
probably can't without some kind of cross-table statistics apparatus).
It's generating a plan based on the average frequency of gene_ids, which
is a loser for this outlier.

Probably the most convenient way to do better is to structure things so
that the reduction from gene name to gene_id is done before the planner
starts to develop a plan.  Instead of joining to gene, consider this:

create function get_gene_id (text) returns int as -- adjust types as needed
'select gene_id from gene where gene_name = $1' language sql
immutable strict;  -- in 7.2, instead say "with (isCachable, isStrict)"

EXPLAIN ANALYZE
SELECT tmp.disease_name, count(tmp.disease_name) AS cnt
    FROM (SELECT DISTINCT disease.disease_name,
disease_occurrences.sentence_id FROM disease, gene_occurrences,
disease_occurrences
        WHERE
        gene_occurrences.sentence_id=disease_occurrences.sentence_id
        AND get_gene_id('igg')=gene_occurrences.gene_id
        AND disease.disease_id=disease_occurrences.disease_id) AS tmp
GROUP BY tmp.disease_name
ORDER BY cnt DESC;

Now get_gene_id() isn't really immutable (unless you never change the
gene table) but you have to lie and pretend that it is, so that the
function call will be constant-folded during planner startup.  The
planner will then see something like gene_occurrences.gene_id = 42
and it will have a much better shot at determining the number of rows
this matches.

            regards, tom lane