9.5alpha1: Partial index not used

Consider this table:

wdsold=3D> \d concept
                                         Table "public.concept"
      Column       |            Type             |                      Mod=
ifiers                      =20
-------------------+-----------------------------+-------------------------=
-----------------------------
 id                | integer                     | not null default nextval=
('concept_id_seq'::regclass)
 canonicalname     | character varying           |=20
 description       | character varying           |=20
 start             | boolean                     |=20
 hidden            | boolean                     |=20
 sortorder         | integer                     |=20
 valid_from        | timestamp without time zone | not null default now()
 from_job_queue_id | integer                     |=20
Indexes:
    "concept_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
    "concept_canonicalname_idx" btree (canonicalname)
    "concept_start_idx" btree (start) WHERE start IS NOT NULL
Referenced by:
    TABLE "facttablemetadata" CONSTRAINT "facttablemetadata_dimension_fkey"=
 FOREIGN KEY (dimension) REFERENCES concept(id)
    TABLE "facttablemetadata" CONSTRAINT "facttablemetadata_member_fkey" FO=
REIGN KEY (member) REFERENCES concept(id)
    TABLE "relation" CONSTRAINT "relation_child_fkey" FOREIGN KEY (child) R=
EFERENCES concept(id) DEFERRABLE
    TABLE "relation" CONSTRAINT "relation_parent_fkey" FOREIGN KEY (parent)=
 REFERENCES concept(id) DEFERRABLE
    TABLE "term" CONSTRAINT "term_concept_id_fkey" FOREIGN KEY (concept_id)=
 REFERENCES concept(id) DEFERRABLE

wdsold=3D> select start, count(*) from concept group by start order by star=
t;
 start |  count =20
-------+---------
 t     |       3
       | 3431866
(2 rows)

and this query:

select id as IdValue, canonicalname as Description, null as IsLeaf from pub=
lic.concept where start;

Clearly this should be able to use the partial index (if start is true
it is also not null) and since there are only 3 out of 3 million rows in
result it would also be beneficial (and PostgreSQL 9.1 did use the
index).

However, it PostgreSQL 9.5 doesn't use it:

wdsold=3D> explain analyze select id as IdValue, canonicalname as Descripti=
on, null as IsLeaf from public.concept where start;
                                               QUERY PLAN                  =
                            =20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-----------------------------
 Seq Scan on concept  (cost=3D0.00..81659.03 rows=3D1 width=3D27) (actual t=
ime=3D0.026..955.889 rows=3D3 loops=3D1)
   Filter: start
   Rows Removed by Filter: 3431866
 Planning time: 0.193 ms
 Execution time: 955.926 ms
(5 rows)

Even if I try to force it:

wdsold=3D> set enable_seqscan to off;
SET
Time: 0.540 ms
wdsold=3D> explain analyze select id as IdValue, canonicalname as Descripti=
on, null as IsLeaf from public.concept where start;
                                                       QUERY PLAN          =
                                            =20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on concept  (cost=3D10000000000.00..10000099078.69 rows=3D1 width=
=3D27) (actual time=3D0.014..948.738 rows=3D3 loops=3D1)
   Filter: start
   Rows Removed by Filter: 3431866
 Planning time: 0.060 ms
 Execution time: 948.777 ms
(5 rows)

So it obviously thinks that it can't use the index.

However, if I create a full index:

wdsold=3D> create index on concept(start);
CREATE INDEX
Time: 5899.635 ms
wdsold=3D> explain analyze select id as IdValue, canonicalname as Descripti=
on, null as IsLeaf from public.concept where start;
                                                         QUERY PLAN        =
                                                =20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------------------------------------------------
 Index Scan using concept_start_idx on concept  (cost=3D0.43..3.05 rows=3D1=
 width=3D27) (actual time=3D0.501..0.535 rows=3D3 loops=3D1)
   Index Cond: (start =3D true)
   Filter: start
 Planning time: 0.731 ms
 Execution time: 0.577 ms
(5 rows)

it is used, and also if I create a partial index just on true values:

wdsold=3D> create index on concept(start) where start;
CREATE INDEX
Time: 937.267 ms
wdsold=3D> explain analyze select id as IdValue, canonicalname as Descripti=
on, null as IsLeaf from public.concept where start;
                                                         QUERY PLAN        =
                                                =20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-------------------------------------------------
 Index Scan using concept_start_idx on concept  (cost=3D0.13..2.75 rows=3D1=
 width=3D27) (actual time=3D0.028..0.033 rows=3D3 loops=3D1)
   Index Cond: (start =3D true)
 Planning time: 0.499 ms
 Execution time: 0.073 ms
(4 rows)

it is also used.=20

So I think the problem is that PostgreSQL 9.5alpha1 doesn't consider
true to be a subset of the non-null values for the purpose of index
selection.

    hp

--=20
   _  | Peter J. Holzer    | I want to forget all about both belts and
|_|_) |                    | suspenders; instead, I want to buy pants=20
| |   | hjp@hjp.at         | that actually fit.
__/   | http://www.hjp.at/ |   -- http://noncombatant.org/