[GENERAL] archive_command fails but works outside of Postgres

I changed my archive_command to the following:

archive_command = 'gsutil cp /storage/postgresql/9.6/main/%p gs://my_bucket/pg_xlog/'

and it fails, leaving the following in the log:

2017-08-18 18:34:25.057 GMT [1436][0]: [104319] LOG:  archive command failed with exit code 1
2017-08-18 18:34:25.057 GMT [1436][0]: [104320] DETAIL:  The failed archive command was: gsutil cp  /storage/postgresql/9.6/main/000000010000038B000000D8 gs://my_bucket/pg_xlog/
2017-08-18 18:34:25.057 GMT [1436][0]: [104321] WARNING:  archiving transaction log file "000000010000038B000000D8" failed too many times, will try again later

But the command works when executed manually:

root$ su postgres -c "gsutil cp /storage/postgresql/9.6/main/000000010000038B000000D8 gs://my_bucket/pg_xlog/"
root$ echo $?
0

The last command verifies that gsutil indeed exited with 0.

How to best debug this issue?

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